D:\+Websites\www.steverussellweb.com\LINKS\TRAILFINDER\TRAILFINDER_1_V10A.wpd
Lewis and Clark
National Historic Trail
in Idaho and Montana
Research Document Summary
with
Annotated Bibliography and Internet Links
by
Steve F. Russell, PhD, PE
Historic Trail Research
Ames, Iowa
“Trailfinder”
https://steverussellweb.com/LINKS/TRAILFINDER_1-V04.htm
2025
INTRODUCTION AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
This internet web page was created to provide internet links to various documents and maps, for the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, created during my 30+ years of historical trail research. This document is in the form of an annotated bibliography with links. It also provides internet links to other Lewis and Clark information on the internet.
I have hiked all the trail of Lewis and Clark, between the Missouri River in Montana and the Snake River in Idaho. The is the segment of trail that went over the mountains of western Montana and eastern Idaho.
The portion of the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, between Lolo, Montana and Kamiah, Idaho, is also known as the Lolo Trail National Historic Landmark
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May 26, 2025 The presentation on the Lewis and Clark Trail, given at the Napier Community Church, on May 26, 2025, is available on the Internet at the following link (URL): https://steverussellweb.com/LINKS/LEWIS AND CLARK HISTORIC TRAIL RESEARCH.V10.pdf |
WEBSITE DOCUMENT LINKS, ARCHIVE.ORG
TITLES, DESCRIPTIONS, AND DOCUMENT LINKS
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1. Celilo Falls Final Report (Oct 2003) DO3 (Lewis and Clark)
This report discusses the north and south portage routes, used by the Corps of Discovery, to portage around the historic Celilo Falls. It provides detailed discussions of the various issues, annotated maps, and annotated aerial photos. Most of the portage routes, the campsite of Oct 22_23, 1805, and other features of the falls are currently under water. Railroad and road construction appear to have obliterated most of the routes above water. Historic annual flooding may have washed out the river trails each year so that there may never have been a recognizable erosion trace over the portage routes.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/celilo_falls_final_report_oct_2003_do_3
DOC: PDF Document Download 1.4MB 16 pages
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2. Historic Trail Discovery and Research Methodology (Russell) 2014
This monograph describes the knowledge and methods I have learned and applied to my 30+ years of historic trails research. It serves as a guide for future generations of trail researchers.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/historic_trail_discovery_and_research_methodology_2014_rev_3
DOC: PDF Document Download 14KB 5 pages
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3. History of the Lolo Trail and the Nez Perce Indians (Harlan) (Russell, Ed) 1998_2004
John (Jack) P. Harlan wrote several articles for the Clearwater Republican and Clearwater Tribune newspapers on the Nez Perce, Lolo Trail, and Lewis and Clark Trail in the 1920s and 1930s. In 1921, he was county assessor for Clearwater County and also did land and timber cruising for the Northern Pacific Railroad on the eastern “checkerboard ownership” land of Clearwater County. The newspaper reported that his diary and photographs would be published by a “certain publisher,” but I have been unable to locate a copy, and it may have never been published. The value of Mr. Harlan’s articles are in their reporting of the viewpoints of his time of the Nez Perce Tribe and their connection to the Lolo Trail. He also brings to light that three plaques were placed along the trail. He did the placement and the Daughters of the American Revolution provided them. There are so many inaccuracies in his reporting of places along the Lolo Trail that they are of minimal value in current Lolo Trail research but they are interesting for there documentation of the ideas of his time.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheLoloTrailAndTheNezPerceIndians
DOC: PDF Document Download 791KB 77 pages
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4. Inference in Historic Trail Research (Statement) (Russell) 2010
This one-page paper discusses the use in inference in historic trail research, and the use of inference in any type of research. The extent of inference applied to research should always be made apparently clear to the reader.
MAIN LINK: Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.
DOC: PDF Document Download 31KB 1 Page
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5. Lewis and Clark Trail, In Their Footsteps 2004
A presentation
of the research results and methods of Steve F. Russell, Historic Trails Research,
Ames, Iowa. Presented at the Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, Montana by
invitation of the Headwaters Chapter of the Lewis and Clark Heritage
Foundation.
Photos and Maps.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/2004InTheFootstepsOfLewisAndClarkV02
DOC: PDF Document Download 12.1MB 49 Pages
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6. In the Footsteps of Lewis and Clark, People, History, Geography, and Earth Science
An MS Power Point presentation, in PDF format, to the Gilbert, Iowa 6th Grade Class, 2011
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/gilbert_6_th_grade_present_03_2011_202403
DOC: PDF Document Download 8.8MB 56 Pages
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7. Lewis and Clark _ NPR StoryCorps Interview, (Steve F. Russell & Rachel Daniels) 2016 (VIDEO)
A National Public Radio StoryCorps interview in the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail offices of the National Park Service in Omaha, NB. Steve F. Russell, Historic Trails Research, Ames, Iowa and Rachel Daniels, National Park Service in Omaha, NB.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/story_corps_interview_lewis_clark_steve_f._russell_rachel_daniels
VIDEO: NPR VIDEO
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8. Lewis and Clark _ In the Footsteps of Lewis and Clark, Presented at the Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, MT (Russell) 2004
A presentation of the research results and
methods of Steve F. Russell, Historic Trails Research, Ames, Iowa. Presented at
the Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, Montana by invitation of the Headwaters
Chapter of the Lewis and Clark Heritage Foundation.
Photos and Maps.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/2004InTheFootstepsOfLewisAndClarkV02
9. Lewis and Clark _ On the Trail with Lewis and Clark, Sawtooth Science Institute Workshops 2007 (Brochure) (Russell) 2007
MAIN LINK:
DOC:
10. Lewis and Clark _ Steve Russell Locates Lewis and Clark Expedition Site, Meagher County News 2007
MAIN LINK:
DOC:
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11. Lewis And Clark Across The Mountains, Mapping The Corps Of Discovery In Idaho (Original Edition with Color) 2005
Lewis and Clark
across the Mountains: Mapping the Corps of Discovery in Idaho. Idaho State
Historical Society, Boise, Idaho 2007. © Steve F. Russell, PhD, PE, Historic
Trails Research, Ames, Iowa. Publication of this book was funded, in part, by
the Idaho Governor's Lewis and Clark Trail Committee. ISBN: 0_931406_16_1.
This book is
based upon a 22_year effort by Dr. Russell, to hike and document the routes of
Lewis and Clark between Clark Canyon Reservoir (Fortunate Camp) in western
Montana, and Lewiston, Idaho. GPS data for the routes is available in other
publications.
In addition to
quoting and commenting on the Journal entries for the routes, there are 38
full_color topographic maps, all with comments showing the trails, campsites
(dated), and landmarks.
Geographic
areas include: 1) Clark Canyon Dam, MT, 2) Horse Prairie, MT, 3) Lemhi Pass,
MT_ID, 4) Lemhi Valley, ID, 5) Salmon River, ID, 6) Lost Trail Pass, ID_MT, 7)
Bitterroot Valley, MT, 8) Lolo Creek, MT, 9)Lolo Pass, MT_ID, 10) Lolo Trail,
ID_MT, 11) Bitterroot Mountains, MT_ID, 12) Lolo National Forest, MT, 13)
Clearwater National Forest, ID, 14) Weippe Prairie, ID, 15) Clearwater River
Valley, Orofino, ID, 16) Lewiston, ID, 17) Peck, ID, 18) Kamiah, ID, 19) Lower
Salmon River, ID, 20) Snake River, ID, 21) Grangeville, ID, 22) Big Hole, MT,
23) Jackson Hot Springs, MT, 24) Big Hole Pass, MT. The route of Ordway to the
Snake River is included, but not the return route of Lewis, from Lolo, MT to
Lewis and Clark Pass, MT.
NOTE: This document is a scanned copy of the original book and has been processed with optical character recognition (OCR) to reduce its size and create searchable text. However, OCR may skip the processing of some words and may introduce word errors.
DOC: PDF Document Download 24.5MB 122 Pages
12. Lewis and Clark across the Mountains: Mapping the Corps of Discovery in Idaho (OCR Edition) 2005
NOTE: Refer to the description in Document #11.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/lewis_and_clark_across_the_mountains_2022_02_09_ocr
DOC: PDF Document Download 15.2MB 120 Pages
13. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of Discovery OLLIE
Presentation I (Optimized) (Russell) 2018.
Presentation I: OLLI Short Course, Osher
Lifelong Learning Institute, Iowa State University, 2018, Introduction to the
westward Expedition of Lewis and Clark and the Corps of Discovery
Topics Include: Interest in Lewis and
Clark, Hiking the Lewis and Clark Trail, Inference in Trail Research, Opening
of the West, Purpose of the Expedition, Orders from President Jefferson, Corps
of Discovery Leaders, Lewis and Clark, Steve F. Russell, Who am I?, Who I am
Not?, The Amazing Journals, Westward 1804_1805, Maps and Photos, Expedition
Members, Western Indian Tribes, Surprises and Adventures, Conceptions and
Misconceptions, Trail Research, Trail Friends and Colleagues, My Personal
Research, Photo Gallery
DOC: PDF Document Download 41.1MB 114 Pages
14. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of Discovery OLLIE Presentation II (Russell) 2018
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/lewis_and_clark_and_the_corps_of_discovery_ollie_presentation_ii
15. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of
Discovery OLLIE Presentation III_Sacagawea Revisited (Russell) 2018
DOC: PDF Document Download
17. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of
Discovery OLLIE Presentation IV (Russell) 2018
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/lewis_and_clark_and_the_corps_of_discovery_ollie_presentation_iv
DOC: PDF Document Download
18. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of
Discovery OLLIE Presentation Photo Gallery A, 1805 Campsites (Russell) 2018
DOC: PDF Document Download
19. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of
Discovery OLLIE Presentation Photo Gallery B, 1806 Campsites (Russell) 2018
DOC: PDF Document Download
20. Lewis and Clark and the Corps of
Discovery OLLIE Presentation Photo Gallery C, 1806 Campsites Eastward (Russell)
018
DOC: PDF
Document Download
21. Lewis and
Clark Campsite 1805_09_09(P)_28 (Russell) 1999
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/LewisAndClarkCampsite18050909P28
DOC: PDF
Document Download
22. Lewis and Clark Landmark 1806_07_05(1)L
(Clearwater Crossing) (Russell) 2015
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/LewisAndClarkLandmark180607051LClearwaterCrossing_201705
DOC: PDF Document Download 7.7MB 13 Pages
23. Lewis and Clark Lolo Trail Precision
Survey, Summary of Research Results (Russell) 2005
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/LewisClarkLoloTrailPrecisionSurvey
DOC: PDF Document Download
24. LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL _ Document
Bibliography for National Park Service (Russell) 2014
MAIN LINK:
DOC: PDF
Document Download
25. LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL _ Governor's Committee Presentation
& Committee Minutes (Russell) 2014
MAIN LINK:
DOC: PDF
Document Download
26. LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL _ Mystery of Lost
Trail Pass WPO (Russell) 1999
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/LewisAndClarkOverLostTrailPass
DOC: PDF
Document Download
27. LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL _ Route of
Ordway's Salmon River Fishing Expedition 1806 (Russell) 2003
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/OrdwaysSalmonRiverFishingExpedition1806
DOC: PDF
Document Download
28. LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL _ Route of
Ordway's Salmon River Fishing Expedition 1806 Idaho_Fish and Game (Brochure)
(Russell) 2004
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/LewisAndClarkTrail1806OrdwayRouteBrochure2002
DOC: PDF
Document Download
29. LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL _ The Riddle of
Hungery Creek (Enhanced) 2000
MAIN LINK:
DOC: PDF
Document Download
30. Lewis and
Clark Trail _ The Riddle of Hungery Creek (Original) 2000
MAIN LINK:
DOC: PDF
Document Download
31. Lewis and Clark Trail Research
Presentation to Idaho Lewis & Clark Governor's Committee ( Russell) 2014
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/LewisAndClarkTrailGovernorsCommitteePresentation2014
DOC: PDF
Document Download
32. Lewis and Clark, Sacagawea, Factual
Information from Original Sources (Russell) 2018
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/SacagaweaFactualInformationFromOriginalSourcesV02
DOC: PDF
Document Download
33. Lolo Trail Surveyed, Idaho Lewis and
Clark Bicentennial News July 2003.
MAIN LINK:
DOC: PDF
Document Download
34. MAP _ Lewis And Clark's Track, Across
The Western Portion Of North America 1814 (Annotated Map) (Russell, Ed) 2019.
MAIN LINK:
DOC: PDF
DOC:ument Download
35. Lewis and
Clark in Idaho, Lolo Trail Precision Survey
Invited Speaker, Steve F. Russell, PhD,
PE, Iowa State University, NC 2005 GIS Conference, "Ideas, Information,
Innovation," March 3_4, 2005, Benton Convention Center, Winston_Salem,
North Carolina. Presentation of the GPS and GIS technology applied to the
recording of the precise location of the Lewis and Clark National Historic
Trail in Idaho.
36. MAP _ Lewis And Clark's Track,
Across The Western Portion Of North America 1814 (Annotated Map) (Russell, Ed)
2019.pdf
37. LOLO TRAIL NHL _ Composite
Topographic Maps (Russell) 2002.pdf
38. Lolo Trail NHL Comprehensive
Research Maps 2017 V07.pdf
39. Lewis and Clark over Lost Trail
Pass_WPO 1999 (Russell) 1997_99.pdf
40. Lewis and Clark Lolo Trail
Precision Survey, Summary of Research Results (Russell) 2005.pdf
41. Lolo Trail Research Field Maps,
1985_2001, Folder F109 V02 (Optimized).pdf
42. LOLO TRAIL NHL _ Composite
Topographic Maps ( Optimized) (Russell) 2002_1.pdf
43. (Series_1_8) Lolo Trail
National Historic Landmark Trail Maps 2017_08_17.pdf
44. Idaho Lewis and Clark
Bicentennial News (Lolo Trail Surveyed) (OCR) (Unsecure) July 2003 V04.pdf
[1]45. History of the Lolo Trail and the Nez Perce
Indians, Newspaper Articles by John (Jack) P. Harlan et al, 1921-1938, Compiled
and Edited by Steve F. Russell, 2004.
Larry Jones, Historian for the State of
Idaho, first brought these articles to
my attention in the summer of 1998 and provided me with photocopies of some of
the articles. This Monograph grew out of those beginnings to provide the
interested reader with access to Jack Harlan’s Lolo Trail articles. I
am not sure if we have all
the articles but I believe most of them are here. I appreciate Larry’s
help with this project and
all the other help he has given me over the years.
As I read Harlan’s articles and began to
notice the inaccuracies and misunderstandings within, it caused me to pause and
think about the conditions under which he was trying to provide information
about Lewis & Clark, the Nez Perce, and the Lolo Trail.
In his time, there was no road over the
route so he had to use the Bird-Truax Trail of 1866. The road (Lolo Divide
Road) was not completed until 1935. He also had no access to high quality maps
or aerial photos or satellite images. In 1925, GIS and GPS were still over five
decades into the future. I will make comments on his misinformation but it is
by no means a criticism of his efforts in difficult
conditions.
The comments about Nez Perce culture are
not in keeping with today’s thinking but it is not for us to judge the past
with the cultural mores of the present. Therefore, I have not indulged in
commenting on his opinions. They are only opinions, and they are his, not mine.
Concerning accuracy of the trail and
campsite locations, I feel free to comment and pass along my many years of
research and inferences about locations. I had the many advantages that Harlan
did not.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheLoloTrailAndTheNezPerceIndians
DOC: PDF Document Download 0.8MB 77 Pages
[2]46. 1988_1993 Lolo Trail NHL Original National
Register Nomination & Letters, Merle Wells, Idaho State Historian (ISHS).
NOTE: This document is primarily applicable to the Lewis and
Clark National Historic Trail. The location
of the trail is a “guesstament,” Merle told me he never actually hiked the
trail.
Lolo Trail National Historic Landmark , National Register of Historic Places, Registration Form with Continuation Sheets and Maps, Idaho State Historical Society, Merle Well, Idaho State Historian, Sep 13, 1988 – May 13, 1991 – Feb 1, 1993.
This is the documentation for the Lolo Trail National Historic Landmark that Merle Wells mailed to me on Sep 19, 1996. Merle and I met on the Lolo Trail and had a long afternoon talk about my work and the need to update the documentation on the Lolo Trail NHL He requested my help.
These continuation sheets and maps were sent to me to mark up and return just before Merle became terminally ill. I regret to say that I postponed my work on this and never returned to it before his death.
This contains the registration form, continuation sheets, and maps that the Idaho State HS prepared in 1988. The form pages were stamped with the date Mar 13, 1991, and the form was signed by the Keeper on Feb 1, 1993. The continuation pages were not numbered so I have numbered them in the order I received them. I have also added identifier labels to the continuation sheets and the maps that were not on the originals.
The Lolo Trail, as documented in these pages, is primarily the Northern Nez Perces Trail of
1805 through Hungery Creek (Lewis and Clark) and the NOl1hern Nez Perces Trail of 1831 John Work (Wark) over Snowy Summit. Some of the trail tread is not marked on some maps. I have added Idaho State HS Reference Series 941 to this document that shows their estimate of the tread diversion at Saddle Camp.
It is unfortunate that this Landmark documentation does not cover the portion of the Lolo Trail between the Weippe Prairie and Kamiah. I hope this can be added in the future because it rightfully belongs and is shown on an historic map in my collection.
My research was an independent discovery 0f the trail tread over the same span of geography. Thus,my research and this map set represent two independent versions of research on the Lewis and Clark trail tread over the Lolo Trail corridor.
Steve F. Russell,
PhD, PE Associate Professor of ElectIical and Computer Engineering Iowa State
University Ames, Iowa
[3]47. The Lolo Trail - A History of Events Connected with
the Lolo Trail, Since Lewis and Clark
A small book by
the 1966 Forest Supervisor of the Clearwater National Forest, Orofino, Idaho.
Ralph was a family friend. He told me that he hiked much of the trail, but was
most interested in location campsites. He thanked me for my efforts to document
the precise location of the old Lolo Trail.
MAIN LINK: https://archive.org/details/1970_lolo_trail_space
DOC PDF Document Download 11.4MB 35 Pages
END OF WEBSITE DOCUMENT LINKS
from
HISTORIC TRAILS RESEARCH,
Steve F. Russell, PhD, PE
LEWIS AND CLARK NATIONAL HISTORIC TRAIL
INFORMATION FROM OTHER INTERNET AND BOOK SOURCES
1. Discover Lewis &
Clark
The best site on
Lewis and Clark history, except for the actual journals. Created by Dr. Joseph
Musselman and maintained by Chris Townsend. It features many photos and
additional information that is not in the Journals. It previously was assocated
with the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Foundation.
MAIN LINK: https://lewis-clark.org
DOC: Contributor, Steve F. Russell
All other documents are accessable
through the MAIN LINK. Be sure to use the search engine to search the main web
page.
2. Journals of the Lewis
& Clark Expedition, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Welcome to the Journals of the Lewis and Clark
Expedition Online. This website makes available the text of the celebrated
Nebraska edition of the Lewis and Clark journals, edited by Gary E. Moulton.
Moulton's edition—the most accurate and inclusive edition ever published—is one
of the major scholarly achievements of the late twentieth century.
The site features the full text—almost five thousand pages—of the journals. Also included are a gallery of images, important supplemental texts, and audio files of selected passages plus Native American perspectives. With a focus on full_text searchability and ease of navigation, the Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online is intended to be both a useful tool for scholars and an engaging website for the general public
MAIN LINK: https://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/
DOC: All documents are accessable through the MAIN LINK:
3. Lewis & Clark Trail
Alliance
This organization was previously known and the Lewis and Clark
National Historic Trail Foundation. After the name change, it assimilated all
of the web pages associate with the previous organization.
MAIN LINK: https://lewisandclark.org/
DOC: All documents are accessible through the MAIN LINK:
4. Lewis and Clark Trail,
Trail Research.Org
This site, created by Chris Townsend, contains a considerable
amount of information about the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail.
MAIN LINK: https://trailresearch.org/lewisandclark/
DOC: All documents are accessible through the MAIN LINK:
5. National Park Service,
Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail
This site is
sponsored by the NPS and contains a significant amount of information about the
Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail. The NPS offices for the LCNHT are
located at Omaha, NB.
MAIN LINK: https://www.nps.gov/lecl/planyourvisit/maps.htm
DOC: All documents are accessible through the MAIN LINK:
6. National Park Service, National Trails System
(Maps)
This site
contains another NPS map interface and also includes a link to the ARCGIS
interactive maps for all National Historic Trails.
MAIN LINK: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationaltrailssystem/maps.htm
DOC: National Trails System Webmap (ARCGIS,
INTERACTIVE, NO DOWNLOAD)
END OF INFORMATION
from
OTHER INTERNET AND BOOK SOURCES